粉末涂装线

粉末涂装线是一种采用粉末涂料（如环氧树脂、聚酯粉末）对工件表面进行涂装的工业化生产线，广泛应用于金属制品（如钣金件、汽车零部件、家电外壳）、建材（如铝合金型材）等领域，核心满足工件的防腐、耐磨、美观及环保涂装需求。该生产线主要由前处理单元、粉末喷涂单元、固化单元、冷却单元及后处理检测单元组成，可实现从工件上料到成品下线的连续化作业。

前处理单元是保障涂层附着力的关键，通常包含脱脂（去除工件表面油污）、除锈（针对碳钢件，多采用酸洗或喷砂）、磷化 / 钝化（形成防护膜，提升防锈能力）及水洗烘干工序，确保工件表面洁净无杂质；粉末喷涂单元以静电喷涂为主流工艺，通过高压静电发生器使粉末带负电，在电场力作用下均匀吸附于接地的工件表面，部分复杂工件会搭配机器人喷涂或往复式喷涂机，保证曲面、边角涂层覆盖完整；固化单元多为热风循环烘箱，根据粉末类型控制温度（环氧树脂粉末通常 180-200℃，聚酯粉末 160-180℃）与时间（15-30 分钟），使粉末熔融流平并固化成膜；冷却单元通过风冷或水冷快速降温至室温，避免工件变形；后处理检测单元则通过膜厚仪、附着力测试仪、盐雾试验机等设备，检测涂层厚度（通常 60-120μm）、附着力（划格法测试≥4B）及耐腐蚀性（中性盐雾测试≥500 小时），确保产品质量达标。

相比传统液体喷漆线，粉末涂装线无溶剂挥发（VOC 排放量几乎为零），符合环保要求；粉末涂料利用率高达 95% 以上（未吸附粉末可回收再利用），降低原料成本；且涂层硬度高（通常≥2H）、耐冲击性好，综合性能更优。

A Powder Coating Line is an industrial production line that applies powder coatings (such as epoxy resin, polyester powder) to the surface of workpieces. It is widely used in metal products (e.g., sheet metal parts, auto parts, home appliance casings), building materials (e.g., aluminum alloy profiles) and other fields, mainly meeting the anti-corrosion, wear-resistant, aesthetic and environmentally friendly coating needs of workpieces. The production line mainly consists of a pre-treatment unit, a powder spraying unit, a curing unit, a cooling unit and a post-treatment inspection unit, enabling continuous operation from workpiece loading to finished product unloading.

The pre-treatment unit is crucial for ensuring coating adhesion, usually including degreasing (removing oil from the workpiece surface), derusting (for carbon steel parts, mostly using pickling or sandblasting), phosphating/passivation (forming a protective film to improve rust resistance) and water washing and drying processes, ensuring the workpiece surface is clean and free of impurities. The powder spraying unit mainly adopts electrostatic spraying technology: the high-voltage electrostatic generator charges the powder negatively, and the powder is evenly adsorbed on the grounded workpiece surface under the action of electric field force. For some complex workpieces, robotic spraying or reciprocating sprayers are used to ensure complete coating coverage on curved surfaces and edges. The curing unit is mostly a hot air circulation oven, which controls the temperature (180-200℃ for epoxy resin powder, 160-180℃ for polyester powder) and time (15-30 minutes) according to the powder type, allowing the powder to melt, level and cure into a film. The cooling unit quickly cools the workpiece to room temperature through air cooling or water cooling to avoid deformation. The post-treatment inspection unit uses equipment such as film thickness gauges, adhesion testers and salt spray test chambers to detect coating thickness (usually 60-120μm), adhesion (≥4B in cross-cut test) and corrosion resistance (≥500 hours in neutral salt spray test) to ensure product quality meets standards.

Compared with traditional liquid painting lines, the Powder Coating Line has no solvent volatilization (VOC emissions are almost zero), meeting environmental protection requirements; the powder coating utilization rate is over 95% (unadsorbed powder can be recycled and reused), reducing raw material costs; and the coating has high hardness (usually ≥2H) and good impact resistance, with better comprehensive performance.